The majority of the heat pumps are small and typically used in single houses. There are currently around 230,000 installations with about 25,000 units installed annually. Bedrock-soil-water is the most common source for heat pumps using geothermal energy with about 12 TWh of energy extracts or about 15% of the national heat demand covered. A number of systems used underground thermal energy storage UTES), either as aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) or borehole thermal energy storage (BTES). The former was implemented in the mid 1980s and current there are approximately 100 plants using this system, mainly large scale with average capacity of 2.5 MWt.

Water wells are used and serve a dual function, both as production and injections wells, with the flow direction being reversed from summer to winter. The BTES systems consist of a number of closed spaced boreholes, normally 50 to 200 m deep. These are equipped with borehole heat exchanger, with the holes filled with ground water and not grouted. It has been shown that water filled boreholes are more efficient than grouted ones. These are typically used for combined heat and cooling of commercial and institutional buildings. The reported total for UTES is 90 MWt and 504 TJ/yr for heatings and 90 MWt and 612 TJ/yr for cooling.