The direct use of thermal water in spas and swimming pools dates back several hundred years. There are 11 major spas and thermal springs in the Czech Republic, the most famous being Karlovy Vary (Karlsbad) and Marianske Laznĕ (Marienbad).

More than 10,000 geothermal heat pumps have been installed, at an average capacity of 20 kW (a report from 2009 (EurObserv’ER, 2009), reports in 2008, 9,168 units installed with a capacity of 147.0 MWt), thus the geothermal heat pump numbers will be reduced to the 2008 figure. Using a COP of 3.5 and 2,200 full load operating hours per year, the annual energy use is then estimated at 832 TJ/yr. The estimated capacity for the spas is 4.5 MWt, with an energy use of 90 TJ/yr (Lund, 1990).

The total for the country is 151.5 MWt and 922 TJ/yr.